The classic backyard snake — non-venomous, mostly harmless, and one of the few reptile species that survives the brutal cold of subarctic Alaska. They tolerate toxic prey like newts that would kill most predators.

Also called: Garter Snake

Native status: Native; most widely distributed US reptile

§ Quick facts

SizeLength 46–137 cm (18–54 in)
Weight150 g (5 oz)
LifespanWild 2 years average; captive 6–10
OrderSquamata
FamilyColubridae

§ Encyclopedia

The common garter snake is a species of snake in the subfamily Natricinae of the family Colubridae. The species is indigenous to North America and found widely across the continent. There are several recognized subspecies. Most common garter snakes have a pattern of yellow stripes on a black, brown or green background, and their average total length is about 55 cm (22 in), with a maximum total length of about 137 cm (54 in). The average body mass is 150 g (5.3 oz). The common garter snake is the state reptile of Massachusetts.

Source: Wikipedia — Common garter snake Licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0

§ Identification

Field marks. Slender snake with three yellow stripes.

Similar species. Ribbon Snake. Water Snakes.

Voice. Hisses softly.

§ Diet & behavior

Diet. Earthworms, slugs, small frogs, small fish.

Behavior. Heat-tolerant; often the only snake active during summer days.

§ Range

The most widespread snake in North America — Alaska to Costa Rica

§ Habitat

Almost any habitat with water, especially wetlands, woods edges, gardens

§ Threats

Vehicle strikes, habitat fragmentation, persecution, pesticide-driven prey loss.

§ Conservation status

According to the IUCN Red List, the common garter snake is currently classified as Least Concern.

§ What helps

Don't kill snakes (they eat slugs, mice, and pest insects). Maintain water features in your yard. Support wetland buffers.

Support our work More ways to help

§ Further reading

§ Sources cited

  • NWF Wildlife Guide
  • iNaturalist
  • IUCN Red List 2007