A small crocodilian introduced to South Florida via the pet trade. Established invasive populations in some areas.

Also called: Spectacled Caiman

Native status: Non-native (Latin America); established in Florida

§ Quick facts

SizeLength 1.5–2.5 m
Weight20–60 kg
LifespanWild 30–60 years
OrderCrocodilia
FamilyAlligatoridae

§ Encyclopedia

The spectacled caiman, also known as the white caiman, common caiman, and speckled caiman, is a crocodilian in the family Alligatoridae. It is brownish-, greenish-, or yellowish-gray colored and has a spectacle-like ridge between its eyes, which is where its common name come from. It grows to a length of 1.4–2.5 m and a weight of 7–40 kg (15–88 lb), with males being both longer and heavier than females. Its diet varies seasonally, commonly consisting of crabs, fish, small mammals, amphibians and snails. Breeding occurs from May to August and 14–40 eggs are laid in July and August. This crocodilian has a large range and population; it is native to much of Latin America, and has been introduced to the United States, Cuba, and Puerto Rico.

Source: Wikipedia — Spectacled caiman Licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0

§ Identification

Field marks. Medium crocodilian with distinctive bony ridge between eyes (the "spectacles"); olive-green to brown.

Similar species. American Alligator (much larger; no spectacle ridge). American Crocodile (different head shape).

Voice. Hisses defensively.

§ Diet & behavior

Diet. Fish, crustaceans, small mammals, birds.

Behavior. Native to Central/South America; established invasive populations in South Florida from pet trade releases. Can compete with native American Alligator and threaten native fish.

§ Range

Native to Central/South America; invasive in southern Florida

§ Habitat

Lakes, ponds, marshes

§ Threats

In Florida: outcompetes native crocodilians.

§ Conservation status

According to the IUCN Red List, the spectacled caiman (invasive) is currently classified as Least Concern.

§ What helps

In Florida: report sightings to wildlife agencies. Don't release pet caimans.

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§ Further reading

§ Sources cited

  • Florida FWC
  • USGS Nonindigenous Aquatic Species
  • IUCN Red List 2018